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    THE BAROQUE 1600-1700
    The most significant historical factor that shaped the Baroque style was the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant Reformation was a challenge to the spiritual and political power of the Church in Rome. The Protestants broke away from the Catholic Church because they wanted to reform it. This began in 1517, when Martin Luther posted his 95 theses on the door of a Church in Wittenberg, Germany. These theses were a list of statements that challenged certain Church practices largely the sale of indulgences but also other, deeper concerns that Luther had with Church doctrine.
      As a result, the Church held meetings over a period of 18 years (the Council of Trent) to counter the effects of Protestantism. This is known as the Counter-Reformation. Aside from reaffirming Church doctrines, Counter-Reformation initiatives also directed Church officials to control the way artists used religious images. The Church decided it was important to reach their worshippers by evoking emotional empathy.This became the art of the Baroque Period.

    1a.) In Caravaggios painting Deposition (or Entombment), discuss some of the Counter Reformation techniques Caravaggio uses.
    https://smarthistory.org/caravaggio-deposition/

    1b.) Explain how Caravaggio uses both chiaroscuro and tenebrism in this painting:

    2.) Berninis Ecstasy of St. Theresa evokes emotional empathy within the viewer. Describe the Cornaro Chapel for which this statue was created; and the many effects Bernini uses to engage his  e `  viewers.
    https://smarthistory.org/bernini-ecstasy-of-st-teresa/

    3.) Describe the differences between Donatellos David (Early Renaissance), Michelangelos David (High Renaissance), and Berninis David (Counter Reformation/Baroque). Describe each statue and explain how each represents the ideals of the time periods in which they were created.
    https://smarthistory.org/donatello-david/
    https://smarthistory.org/michelangelo-david/
    https://smarthistory.org/bernini-david-2/

    ttps://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/plea/hd_plea.htm
    https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/jpon/hd_jpon.htm

    What does the word Ukiyo-e mean?

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