Genetics of Dog Breeding

Investigate about the genetics of dog breeding and write an essay about it.  The questions provided below are to motivate you to investigate about this topic; you do not need to answer them one by one. The essay must be at least five paragraphs long, and each paragraph must contain at least five sentences (you can write more than five paragraphs and more than five sentences per paragraph if you wish to do so). The content of your essay must be written entirely in your OWN words.  Use in-text citations in parenthesis, APA style, if you paraphrase information from other authors. Paraphrasing is not copy-pasting or copying and changing a few words from other authors’ writings – it is writing it in your OWN words to explain the authors’ writings. Only when necessary, you can quote, but these quotes do not count towards the last tally of the number of paragraphs and sentences required from your OWN writing.  You must cite at least three references you used to investigate about this topic at the end of your essay (use APA style). 
Some are little and some are big, some have long hair and some have short hair, some are black and some are white, some can swim easily and other do not, some can herd sheep and others can help police departments… etc., etc., etc.  What is going on with the genetics of breeds of dogs? How can humans select for specific genetic traits in dogs? How in the world can humans achieve creating a chihuahua in contrast to a Great Dane? How can humans select for a mottled dog fur versus a plain fur? Why would humans be selecting breeds of dogs in the first place? Isn’t that inhumane? Many breeds of dogs have genetic problems and suffer the consequences with constant ear infections, breathing problems, or heart problems. Why would the genetics of dogs be so amenable to humans practicing dog breeding? Shouldn’t people just leave canids as wolves, coyotes, foxes, short-eared dogs, African wild dogs, maned wolves, bush dogs, and other natural wild dogs alone and avoid any kind of selective breeding of canids? Where do dogs come from? Where is the origin of their genetics?